Home > Jean Baptiste Dumas

Dumas was born at Alais ( Gard) becoming apprentice to an apothecary in his native town. In 1816 he moved to Geneva, where he attended lectures by M. A. Pictet in physics, C. G. de la Rive in chemistry, and Augustin Pyrame de Candolle in botany, and before he had reached his majority he was engaged with Pierre Prévost in original work on problems of physiological chemistry, and even of embryology. In 1823, acting on the advice of Alexander von HumboldtFriedrich Heinrich Alexander, Baron von Humboldt ( September 14, 1769, Berlin May 6, 1859, Berlin), was a German naturalist and explorer, and the younger brother of the Prussian minister and linguist Wilhelm von Humboldt. Introduction Brief description of, he left Geneva for ParisEiffel Tower has become the symbol of Paris throughout the world. Paris is the capital and largest city of France. The city is built on an arc of the River Seine, and is thus divided into two parts: the Right Bank to the north and the smaller Left Bank to. There he became professor of chemistry first at the Lyceum and in 1835 at the Ecole Polytechnique. Following the revolution of 1848 he entered political life, and became a member of the National Legislative Assembly. He acted as minister of agriculture and commerce for a few months in 1850-1851, and subsequently became a senator, president of the municipal council of Paris, and master of the French mint; but his official career came to a sudden end with the fall of the Second EmpireThis article is about the Second Empire architectural style. For information about the government of France during the reign of Napoleon III of France, see Second French Empire. Second Empire is an architectural style popular during the Victorian era, rea. He died at CannesCannes ("Canas" in Provencal) (pronounced [can] ( IPA and SAMPA)) is a city in southern France, located on the French Riviera, in the Alpes-Maritimes departement''. Its population (as of 2000) is approximately 70,000. Environs Cannes lies on the Cote d'Az.

Dumas is one of the most prominent figures in the chemical history of the middle part of the 19th century.

He was one of the first to criticise the electro-chemical doctrines of Jöns Jacob BerzeliusJons Jacob Berzelius ( August 20, 1779 August 7, 1848) was a Swedish chemist, who invented modern chemical notation and is considered one of the fathers of modern chemistry (along with John Dalton and Antoine Lavoisier). Berzelius discovered the elements, which at the time his work began were widely accepted as the true theory of the constitution of compound bodies, and opposed a unitary view to the dualistic conception of the Swedish chemist. In a paper on the atomic theory, published in 1826, he anticipated to a remarkable extent some ideas which are frequently supposed to belong to a later period; and the continuation of these studies led him to the ideas about substitution ( metalepsis ) which were developed about 1839 into the theory ( Older Style Theory ) that in organic chemistryOrganic chemistry is the scientific study of the structure, properties, composition, reactions, and synthesis of organic compounds. Organic nomenclature Organic nomenclature is the system established for naming and grouping organic compounds. Aliphatic co there are certain types which remain unchanged even when their hydrogenhydrogen helium H Li Full table General Name, Symbol, NumberHydrogen, H, 1 Chemical series nonmetals Group, Period, Block 1 (IA), 1 , s Density, Hardness 0. 0899 kg/m3, NA Appearance colorless Atomic properties Atomic weight 1. 00794 amu Atomic radius (ca is replaced by an equivalent quantity of a haloid element. Many of his well-known researches were carried out in support of these views, one of the most important being that on the action of chlorine on acetic acid to form trichloracetic acid - a derivative of essentially the same character as the acetic acid itself.

In the 1826 paper he described his method for ascertaining vapour densities, and the redeterminations which he undertook by its aid of the atomic weights of carbon and oxygen proved the forerunners of a long series which included some thirty of the elements, the results being mostly published in 1858-1860.

In 1833 he devised a method of estimating the amount of nitrogen in organic substances.

The classification of organic compounds into homologous series was advanced as one consequence of his researches into the acids generated by the oxidation of the alcohols.

This article incorporates text from the public domain 1911 Encyclopædia Britannica. 1911 Britannica