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Since January 1, 1873, Japan has used the Gregorian Calendar, with local names for the months and mostly fixed holidays. Before 1873 a lunisolar calendar was in use, which was adapted from the Chinese calendar.1 Years
Since the adoption of the Gregorian calendar, three different systems for counting years have been used in Japan:
Of the these three, the first two are still in current use; the imperial calendar was used until the end of World War II, though still maintained in some official contexts.
2 Months
The modern Japanese names for the months literally translate to "first month," "second month," and so on. The corresponding number is combined with the suffix -gatsu (month):
- January - ichigatsu
- February - nigatsu
- March - sangatsu
- April - shigatsu
- May - gogatsu
- June - rokugatsu
- July - shichigatsu
- August - hachigatsu
- September - kugatsu
- October - jugatsu
- November - juichigatsu
- December - junigatsu
In addition, every month has a traditional name, still used by some in fields such as poetry; of the twelve, shiwasu is still widely used today. The opening paragraph of a letter or the greeting in a speech might borrow one of these names to convey a sense of the season. Some, such as yayoi and satsuki, do double duty as given names (for women). These month names also appear from time to time on jidaigeki, which are contemporary television shows and movies set in the Edo periodThe Edo period is a division of Japanese history running from 1603 to 1867. The period marks the governance of the Edo or Tokugawa Shogunate which was also officially established in 1603 by the first Edo shogun Tokugawa Ieyasu. During this period external or earlier.
Here is a list of the traditional names.
The name of month: (pronunciation, literal meaning)
- JanuaryJanuary is the first month of the year in the Gregorian Calendar, and has 31 days. It is named for Janus, the Roman god of doors and gateways. The original Roman calendar consisted of 10 months (304 days). The Romans originally considered winter a monthle - 睦月 (mu tsuki)
- FebruaryFebruary is the second month of the year in the Gregorian Calendar, with 28 days in regular years. In leap years February has 29 days. Three times in history a February 30 did occur. February was named for the Roman god Februus, the god of purification. - 如月 or 衣更着 ( kisaragiKisaragi ( or ) is a traditional name for February in Japanese. The meaning of "kisaragi" is not so deep as those of the other names of the months. It is written as "wearing kimonos over" in kanji; it also means "the rehabilitation of plants. February is or kinusaragi )
- MarchFor alternative meanings, see March (disambiguation). March is the third month of the year in the Gregorian Calendar, with 31 days. Named for Mars, the Roman god of war. In ancient Rome, March was called Martius. It was named after the war god ( Mars) and - 弥生 (yayoi)
- AprilApril is the fourth month of the year in the Gregorian Calendar, with 30 days. Derived from the Latin aprilis either from the Latin word aperire which means "to open", probably referring to growing plants in spring, or from the Etruscan name Apru for Aphr - 卯月 (uzuki)
- MayThis article is about the month of May. For other uses, see May (disambiguation). May is the fifth month of the year in the Gregorian Calendar, with 31 days. It may have been named for the Roman goddess Maia or more likely for the Roman goddess of fertili - 皐月 or 早月 or 五月(satsuki)
- JuneJune is the sixth month of the year in the Gregorian Calendar, with 30 days. June is named for the Roman goddess Juno, wife of Jupiter. Events in June The solstice occurs around the 21st of this month, although it may occur on either the 20 or 22. It is t - 水無月 (mina tsuki or mina zuki, no water month)
- July - 文月 (fumi zuki, book month)
- August - 葉月 (ha zuki, leaf month)
- September - 長月 (naga tsuki, long month)
- October - 神無月 (kan'na zuki or kamina zuki, no god month), 神有月 or 神在月; (kamiari zuki, god month) only in Izumo province, where all the gods are believed to gather in October for an annual meeting at the Izumo Shrine.
- November - 霜月 (shimo tsuki, frost month)
- December - 師走 (shiwasu, teachers run; it is named so because even teachers are busy at the end of a year.)
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