Irredentism Irredentist Disputes "Triadic Nexus" Of Irredenta

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Irredentism is claiming a right to territories belonging to another state on the grounds of common ethnicity and/or prior historical possession, actual or alleged. The word was coined in Italy from the phrase Italia irredenta ("unredeemed Italy"). This originally referred to Austro-Hungarian rule over mostly or partly Italian-inhabited territories in the northern Adriatic such as Trentino and Trieste during the 19th and early 20th century. An area subjected to an irredentist claim is therefore sometimes called an irredenta.

1 Irredentist disputes

Not all territorial disputes are irredentist, although they are often couched in irredentist terms to strengthen public support.

Other prominent irredentist disputes have included:

Gabriele D'Annunzio's occupation of Fiume (now Rijeka) from 1919- 1921 - the original irredentist dispute.
German claims before World War I to AlsaceRegion Alsace ( In Detail) ( In Detail) Information Capital: Strasbourg Population Total Density 1,734,145 1999 209/km² Area8,280 km² Arrondissements13 Cantons75 Communes903 President of the regional council Adrien Zeller ( UMP) Departements Bas-Rhin (67) and LorraineLorraine Region Details Information Capital Metz Population Total ( 1999) Density 2,310,376 98 /km² Area 23,547 km² Arrondissements19 Cantons157 Communes2,337 President of the regional council Jean-Pierre Masseret Departements Meurthe-et-Moselle (54) Meus plus, in the Nazi era, to areas of PolandThe Republic of Poland a country in Central Europe, lies between Germany to the west, the Czech Republic and Slovakia to the south, Ukraine and Belarus to the east, and the Baltic Sea, Lithuania and Russia (in the form of the Kaliningrad Oblast exclave) t, LithuaniaThe Republic of Lithuania ( Lithuanian Lietuva Polish Litwa, German Litauen, French Lituanie, Spanish Lituania, Estonian Lituania, Finnish Liettua) is a republic in Northeastern Europe. One of the three Baltic States along the Baltic Sea, it shares border, the Czech SudetenlandSudetenland was the name used before 1918 and in 1938 45 for the region inhabited mostly by Sudeten Germans ( German: Sudetendeutsche in the various places of Bohemia. The region was only partly confined to the mountains of Sudeten). In 1918 38 and after and Königsberg of RussiaThe Russian Federation ( Russian: , transliteration: Rossiyskaya Federatsiya or Rossijskaja Federacija , or Russia (Russian: , transliteration: Rossiya or Rossija , is a country that stretches over a vast expanse of eastern Europe and northern Asia. With. Today the issue of the lost eastern territories is also coming up again.
Jewish claims after World War I to territories within the British Mandate of Palestine.
Palestinian claims after division of the land under the British Mandate of Palestine to Israel.
Argentina's claims to the Falkland Islands.
Bolivian claims to coastal regions of Chile annexed after the War of the Pacific.
Pakistani Muslim claims to the Kashmir valley territory, which is divided between Pakistan and India.
Hungarian claims that Felvidék (southern parts of Slovakia), Transsylvania, Croatia and some other territories of Austria, Ukraine, Romania, Yugoslavia and Slovenia should belong to Hungary.
Serbian claims to large areas of Bosnia and Croatia.
Indian claims over what is known as Akhand Bharat, which includes Afghanistan, Pakistan, Nepal, Bhutan, Sri Lanka, and Bangladesh. This is considered the historic homeland of the Hindus, long before colonial partition and the conversion of Hindus to Islam.
Finnish inter-war claims that East Karelia according to a Finnish-Soviet treaty had been granted cultural and governmental autonomy that the Soviet Union violated. Today the Karelia question in Finland is about to be revived, although still shunned by the government.

2 "Triadic nexus" of irredenta conflict

In his 1996 book, Nationalism Reframed, Rogers Brubaker outlined a pattern to describe a common theme of irredentist conflict, referred to as the "triadic nexus".

Irredenta conflict is a conflict between three parties: a nationalizing state, a national movement representing an ethnic minority within that state, and an external national homeland, to which that minority is construed as ethnically belonging. Brubaker's triadic nexus is a visual representation of this, granting each party a corner of the triangle. The implication is that the national minority is caught between the nationalizing state within whose borders it exists, and the external homeland to which it is seen as belonging.

3 See also

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