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Ionotropic receptor (also ligand gated ion channel) are a subclass of transmembrane receptors. Their ion channel is regulated by a neurotransmitter ligand and is usually very selective to one or more ions like Na2+, Na+, Ca2+, or Cl-. Ionotropic receptors located at synapses convert the chemical signal of presynaptically released neurotransmitter directly and very quickly into a postsynaptic electrical signal. This is in contrast to the metabotropic receptors which are not ion channels and signal slowly through complex intracellular second messenger cascades. Many ionotropic receptors are additionally modulated by allosteric ligands, by channel blockers , ions, or the membrane potential. See also:
- Receptor (biochemistry)
- NMDA receptorThe NMDA receptor NMDAR is an ionotropic receptor for glutamate ( NMDA is a name of its selective specific agonist). NMDARs play a critical role in synaptic plasticity mechanisms and thus are necessary for several types of learning and memory. Structure E
- AMPA receptorThe AMPA receptor AMPAR is a non- NMDA-type ionotropic transmembrane receptor for glutamate that mediates fast synaptic transmission in the central nervous system. Its name is derived from its ability to be activated by the artificial glutamate analog, AM
- Kainate receptor
- Nicotinic acetylcholine receptorNicotinic Receptors form ion channels present in the plasma membrane of cells. Their opening is gated by the neurotransmitter acetycholine ( acetylcholine receptors), and by nicotine. Nicotinic acetylcholine receptors are present in many tissues in the bo
- Glycine receptor
- GABAA receptorThe GABA receptors are a group of receptors with γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) as their endogenous ligand. GABA receptors which are ligand-gated ion channel receptors. GABA receptors which are G-protein coupled receptors. GABA receptors which are ligan
- 5-HT3 receptor
- Glycine receptor
Receptors
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