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1. Entrapment of electrons in orbit by a magnetic field.
2. Ionization of gas by collision with electrons.
3. Sputtering of titanium by ion bombardment.
4. Titanium gettering of active gases.
5. Pumping of heavy noble gases by ion burial.
6. Diffusion of hydrogen and helium into titanium.
7. Dissociation of complex molecules into simple ones for pumping ease, e.g., CH₄ breaks down into C and 2 H₂. Hydrogen is pumped separately. Carbon is no longer part of the residual gas and resides in solid form.

Burial is the basic means of pumping heavy noble gases. Argon ions neutralized via glancing collisions with a sputter cathodeThe electrode of an electrochemical cell at which reduction occurs is referred to as the cathode . In an electrolytic cell the cathode is negatively charged and in a galvanic cell the cathode is positively charged. The oppositely charged electrode in that impact the pump wall and are coated with sputtered titanium. TriodeA triode is a type of vacuum tube (or valve in British English) with three elements: the filament or cathode, the grid, and the plate or anode. The triode vacuum tube was the first electrical amplification device and still remains in use for amplification pumps are specially designed to maximize the kind of collisions that produce energetic neutrals.

Argon is permanently pumped on the wall behind the cathode in these pumps. The wall area receives titanium for inert gas burial but, because of a retarding electric fieldIn physics, an electric field is an effect produced by an electric charge that exerts a force on charged objects in its vicinity. Definition and derivation The mathematical definition of the electric field is developed as follows. Coulomb's law gives the between the cathode and the wall, it is not subjected to ion bombardment and thus gases are not resputtered.