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The Red Cross movement now has more than 115 million volunteers.
In 1859, Henry Dunant witnessed the carnage at the Battle of Solferino, where the victory of the FrenchThe French Republic or France ( French: Republique francaise or France is a country whose metropolitan territory is located in western Europe, and which is further made up of a collection of overseas islands and territories located in other continents. over the AustriaAustria is a landlocked country in Central Europe, a federation of nine states. Austria is bordered by Germany and the Czech Republic to the north, Slovakia and Hungary to the east, Slovenia and Italy to the south, and Switzerland and Liechtenstein to thens left 40,000 dead and wounded. Although he had been simply passing by, he stayed to help the wounded in the nearby town of CastiglioneCastiglione is the name of several Italian towns: Castiglion Fibocchi, in the province of Arezzo Castiglion Fiorentino, in the province of Arezzo Castiglione a Casauria, in the province of Pescara Castiglione Chiavarese, in the province of Genova Castigli for three days.
In October 1862Events January-March January 10 End of term for John Gately Downey, 7th Governor of California. He is succeeded by Amasa Leland Stanford. January 30 The first American ironclad warship, the USS Monitor is launched. February 1 Julia Ward Howe's " Battle Hy, Dunant published the Nine Articles of his Un Souvenir de Solferino ("A memory of Solferino"), in which he advocated the establishment of an internationalBetween nations or encompassing several nations. See global. List of left-wing internationals. International Style in architecture. The Internationale is a famous Communist song. The International (discontinued April 25, 2004) was a passenger train operat networkA wide variety of systems of interconnected components are called networks . Specific examples include: television networks transport networks, roads, railroads, shipping routes and airlines, pipelines (gas, petroleum, water, sewage), electric circuits a of volunteerA volunteer noun is a person who performs or offers to perform a service out of his or her own free will, often without payment. The year 2001 was the International Year of the Volunteer. People may volunteer verb to perform charitable work. Some voluntee relief agencies to act as an "army" of medical services in times of war. Dunant met with four other Swiss people (General Henri Dufour, Gustave Moynier , Dr. Louis Appia and Dr. Théodore Maunoir ) on February 9, 1863 to form a committee which later became the ICRC.
To implement Dunant's ideas, the Swiss government sponsored an international conference of 36 representatives from 14 countries in Geneva. They agreed on October 29, 1863, to form the International Red Cross. Almost one year later, on August 8, 1864, a diplomatic conference met again in Geneva with 24 delegates from 16 countries. On August 22, 1864, these representatives adopted the first Geneva Convention, which became the basis for the ICRC.
On 5 May 1919, at the Cannes Conference, the national Red Cross organizations of the United States, United Kingdom, France, Italy and Japan formed the "League of Red Cross Societies". Its purpose was to establish a peacetime role in public health for the Red Cross. A famine with a typhus outbreak in Poland became the League's first mission. The League headquarters were in Paris although they were evacuated to Geneva on 5 September 1939.
The League of Red Cross Societies changed its name in 1986 to the "International Movement of the Red Cross and the Red Crescent" in recognition of its Muslim Red Crescent branches.
Dunant is now considered the founder of the Red Cross movement, and was awarded the first Nobel Peace Prize in 1901. The ICRC was awarded the Nobel Peace Prize again in 1917 and 1944, to recognise its activities in the two World Wars, and jointly with the IFRCS in 1963, on the 100th anniversary of the founding of the Movement.