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According to composer Todd Winkler (2001), interactive music is "a music composition or improvisation where software interprets a live performance to affect music generated or modified by computers," however, as he also points out, all music is "interactive" to a certain extent. At one end of a spectrum he puts a conductor led large ensemble such as in Romantic era classical music, and on the other free jazz, he suggests using all examples of musician to musician interaction as models for computer to musician interaction.
Don Buchla designs many electronic and virtual instruments which are used in interactive music.