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Insomnia is a sleep disorder characterised by an inability to sleep and/or to remain asleep for a reasonable period during the night. Sufferers typically complain of being unable to close their eyes for more than a few minutes at a time, or of 'tossing and turning' through the night.
If insomnia continues for more than a few nights running, it can become chronic and cause a sleep deficit that is extremely detrimental to the sufferer's well-being. Insomnia interrupts the natural sleep cycle, which can be hard to restore. Some insomniacs unwittingly perpetuate their complaint by napping in the late afternoon or early evening, leading to wakefulness at bedtime and more insomnia. Others push their bodies to the limits, until their sleep deficit causes severe physical and mental effects.
Many people who feel they are suffering from insomnia may actually have a lower physical need for sleep than they believe they do. A normal part of the ageing process is to sleep more lightly and for shorter periods of time, and some elderly people toss and turn in bed late at night or early in the morning when their body has no physical need for more rest, because they believe that they must 'need' a certain amount of sleep to be rested.
Insomnia is a common side-effect of some medications, and it can also be caused by stress, emotional upheaval, physical or mental illness, dietary allergy and poor sleep hygiene . Insomnia is a major symptom of mania in people with bipolar disorder, and it can also be a sign of hyper-thyroidism, depression, or other physical complaints with stimulating effects.
Additionally, a rare genetic condition can cause a prion based, permanent and eventually fatal form of insomnia called Fatal Familial Insomnia.
Many insomniacs rely on sleeping tablets and other sedatives to try to get some rest. Others use herbs such as valerian, chamomileThe name Chamomile or Camomile is ambiguous and can refer to several distinct species. German chamomile Matricaria recucita (syn. chamomilla a Pineapple weed (or Wild chamomile) Matricaria matricarioides Roman chamomile Chamaemelum nobile (syn Anthemis no, lavenderLavender Scientific classification Kingdom: Plantae Division: Magnoliophyta Class: Magnoliopsida Order: Lamiales Family: Lamiaceae Genus Lavandula Species Lavandula angustifolia ''Lavandula dentata ''Lavandula lanata ''Lavandula multifida ''Lavandula lati, hops, and/or passion-flower.
Some traditional 'cures' for insomnia involve drinking warm milk before bedtime, taking a warm bath in the evening, exercising vigorously for half an hour in the afternoon, eating a large lunch, then a light evening meal at least three hours before bed, avoiding mentally stimulating activities in the evening hours, and paradoxically, making sure to get up early in the morning and to retire to bed at a reasonable hour.
Traditional Chinese medicineTraditional Chinese medicine (TCM) also known simply as Chinese medicine ( Chinese: or , zhongyao xue) or traditional Oriental medicine is the name commonly given to a range of traditional medical practices originating in China thousands of years ago. practitioners have been treating insomnia sufferers for thousands of years. A typical approach may utilize acupunctureAlternative medicine Ming dynasty. Acupuncture (from Lat. acus ‘a needle’, and pungere ‘to prick’) is the practice of inserting very thin needles in particular acupuncture points on the body to improve health and well-being, and is one component of tradit, dietary and lifestyle analysis, herbologyHerbology is the art of combining medicinal herbs. Herbology This article is part of the branches of CAM series. CAM Classifications NCCAM:Component of Traditional Chinese medicine that uses a form of biologically based therapy that is centered around the and other techniques, with the goal of rebalancing the body's energies to resolve the problem at a subtle level.Although they seem unscientific, many of these 'cures' are sufficient to break the insomnia cycle without the need for sedatives and sleeping tablets. Warm milk contains high levels of tryptophan, a natural sedative. Lavender oil and other relaxing essential oils may also be used to help induce a state of restfulness.
The most commonly used class of hypnotics prescribed for insomnia are the benzodiazepines. This would include drugs such as diazepam, lorazepam, nitrazepam and midazolam.