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In cognitive psychology, information processing is an approach to the goal of understanding human thinking. It arose in the 1940s and 1950s. The essence of the approach is to see cognition as being essentially computational in nature, with mind being the software and the brain being the hardware. The information processing approach in psychology is closely allied to cognitivism in psychology and functionalism in philosophy although the terms are not quite synonymous.
Information processing can be sequential or parallel, which can both be either centralized or decentralized (distributed). The parallel distributed processing in mid-1980s became popular under the name connectionism. In early 1950s Friedrich Hayek was ahead of his time when he posited the idea of spontaneous order in the brain arising out of decentralized networks of simple units ( neurons). However, Hayek is rarely cited in the literature of connectionism.
See also the Information Processing LanguageInformation Processing Language (IPL) was a programming language developed by Allen Newell, Cliff Shaw and Herbert Simon at RAND Corporation and the Carnegie Institute of Technology from about 1956. It included features intended to support programs that cs (IPL), by NewellAllen Newell ( March 19, 1927 July 19, 1992) was a researcher in computer science and cognitive psychology. He contributed to the Information Processing Language (1956) and two of the earliest AI programs, the Logic Theory Machine (1956) and the General P, ShawCliff Shaw was one of the developers of Information Processing Language, a programming language of the 1950s. and SimonHerbert Simon ( June 15, 1916 February 9, 2001) was a researcher in the fields of cognitive psychology, computer science, economics and philosophy. He was awarded the ACM's A. Turing Award along with Allen Newell in 1975 for making "basic contributions to.
accomplishments: [1].