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• Geographic coordinates: 78° to 95° W, 51° to 70° N

The area around the bay is a lowland known as the Hudson Bay Lowlands which covers 324,000 km². The area is drained by a large number of rivers and has formed a characteristic vegetation known as muskeg. Much of the landform has been shaped by the actions of glaciers and the shrinkage of the bay over long periods of time. Signs of numerous former beachfronts can be seen far inland from the current shore.

Hudson Bay was named after Henry Hudson who explored the bay in 1610 on his ship the Discovery. On this fourth voyage he worked his way around the west coast of GreenlandThis article is about Greenland, the island dependency of Denmark. For information about the town of Greenland, see Greenland, New Hampshire. Greenland ( Greenlandic: Kalaallit Nunaat "The Land of the Greenlanders (Kalaallit)"; Danish: Gronland , an Arcti and into the bay, mapping much of its eastern coast. The Discovery became trapped in the ice over the winter, and the crew survived onshore at the southern tip of James Bay. When the ice cleared in the spring Hudson wanted to explore the rest of the area, but the crew mutinied on June 22, 1611.

Sixty years later the Nonsuch reached the Bay and successfully traded for beaverCastor canadensis C. fiber Beavers are semi-aquatic rodents native to North America and Europe. They are the only members of the family Castoridae which contains a single genus, Castor . Genetic research has shown the European and North American populatio pelts with the CreeVermilion, Alberta The Cree form an aboriginal nation of North America. They range from the Rocky Mountains to the Atlantic Ocean in both Canada and the United States. Their ancestral Cree language was once the most widely spoken in northern North America. This led to the creation of the Hudson's Bay CompanyThe Hudson's Bay Company (HBC) is the oldest corporation in Canada and is one of the oldest in the world still in existence. From its longtime headquarters at York Factory on Hudson Bay it controlled the fur trade throughout much of British-controlled Nor which bears its name to this day. The British crown awarded a trading monopoly on the Hudson Bay watershedFor a term related to television programmes, see watershed (television). A watershed or water basin is the region of land that drains into a specified body of water, such as a river, lake, sea, or ocean. Rain that falls anywhere within a given body of wat, called Rupert's LandRupert's Land was a territory consisting of much of modern Canada. It was originally owned by the Hudson's Bay Company, and was named after Prince Rupert, the first governor of the company. The charter granted to the Company by King Charles II gave it a m, to the Hudson's Bay Company. This land, an area of approximately 3.9 million sq.km., would in 1870Events January 6 The inauguration of the Musikverein ( Vienna). January 10 John D. Rockefeller incorporates Standard Oil January 15 A political cartoon for the first time symbolizes the United States Democratic Party with a donkey ("A Live Jackass Kicking be ceded to Canada as part of the Northwest Territories when the trade monopoly was abolished.

See also: Hudson's Bay Company