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The Cod faction generally consisted of the more progressive cities of Holland. The origin of their name is uncertain; perhaps it derives from the arms of Bavaria, that look like the scales of a fish.
The Hook faction consisted for a large part of the conservative noblemen.
After count William IV, Count of Holland was killed in 1345, his sister
Margaret inherited the county. She was married to emperor Louis IV of Bavaria, and resided in Bavaria. She appointed their second son William (the later count William V ) as ruler of Holland, which meant that he ruled as her representative.In 1350, the nobles of Holland asked Margaret to return to Holland. As a reaction, the Cod league was formed in May 23, 1350 by a number of supporters of William. On September 5 of the same year, the Hook league was formed. Soon afterward, these factions clashed, and a civil war began.
Edward III, Margaret's brother in law through her sister Philippa of Hainault, came to her aid, winning a naval engagement off Veere in 1351; a few weeks later the Hooks and their English allies were defeated by William and the Cods at VlaardingenVlaardingen is a city in South Holland in the Netherlands. It is located on the north bank of the Nieuwe Maas/ Nieuwe Waterweg river where it connects with the Oude Maas. On the east the city is separated from Schiedam by a motorway. Other places nearby a, an overthrow which ruined Margaret's cause. Edward III shortly afterwards changed sides, and the empress saw herself compelled (1354) to come to an understanding with her son, he being recognized as count of Holland and Zeeland, she of Hainaut. Margaret died two years later, leaving William, who had married Matilda of Lancaster, in possession of the entire Holland-Hainaut inheritance (July 1356).Although there were a number of smaller fights in the period after 1356, the main battle re-emerged at the death of William VI, Count of Holland and Hainaut in 1417Events Antipope Benedict XIII is deposed, and Pope Martin V is elected. Friedrich I Hohenzollern (b. 20 Sep 1440) burgrave of Nuremberg begins to rule as margrave and elector of Brandenburg Births Jons Bengtsson Oxenstierna, later Regent of Sweden. Deaths. Both William's brother John and his daughter JacquelineJacoba or Jacqueline of Wittelsbach ( 1401 killed 1436) was Countess of Hainaut and Holland from 1417 to 1432. She was the only daughter of William VI, Count of Hainaut and Holland. Jacqueline was the last ruler of independent Hainaut and Holland. Followi claimed the county. The Cods chose the side of John, and, after his death, of Philip the Good, Duke of BurgundyThe following is a list of the Dukes of Burgundy Richard of Autun, the Justicier ( 880 921) Rudolph of Burgundy (king of France from 923) ( 921 923) Hugh the Black ( 923 952) Gilbert of Chalon ( 952 956) Odo of Paris ( 956- 965) Otto-Henry the Great ( 965, while the Hooks supported Jacqueline.
The result of these battles was that Jacqueline was allowed to retain the titles of countess of Hainaut and Holland, but that Philip would rule the county. Philip was named heir to the county, and Jacqueline, who was childless, was not allowed to remarry without Philip's consent.
The treaty became void when Jacqueline remarried in 1432Events June 1 Battle of San Romano Florence defeats Siena foundation of Universite de Caen In the end of the Hook and Cod wars, Jacqueline, Countess of Hainaut and Holland is forced by Philip the Good, Duke of Burgundy, to abdicate all her estates in his, and she had to hand her territories over to Burgundy.