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The Finnish War was fought between Sweden and Russia from February 1808 to September 1809. As a result of the war, the eastern third of Sweden was established as the semi-autonomous Grand Duchy of Finland, according to the Finns in personal union with Imperial Russia. Another notable effect was the Swedish parliament's adoption of a new constitution and a new royal house, that of Bernadotte. 1 Background
In the treaty of Tilsit in 1807 Napoleon and the Russian tzar Alexander I decided that Russia should force Sweden to join the Continental System.
2 The war
On February 21, 1808 Russian troops crossed the border. At the same time southern Sweden was threatened by an attack from Denmark. The plan of the Swedish army under Johan Adam Cronstedt was to retreat into Ostrobothnia leaving only the strongly fortified Sveaborg behind. The fort surrendered although there was enough ammunition and food to last several months.
Under a new commander Carl Johan Adlercreutz , the Swedish army counter-attacked and halted the Russian offensive at the Battle of Siikajoki . Although the Swedes were successful for a while they didn't receive the reinforcements that were needed.
Adlercreutz fought a defensive battle at Oravais, but lost and was forced to retreat. The day before Georg Carl von DöbelnAlbert Edelfelt Baron Georg Carl von Dobeln ( April 29 1758- 16 February 1820) was a Swedish soldier. As a lieutenant, Dobeln took part in Gustav III's Russian War and was wounded in the head in at the Battle of Porrassalami. The wound didn't heal and he had won the legendary Battle of Jutas .
On November 19November 19 is the 323rd day of the year (324th in leap years) in the Gregorian Calendar. There are 42 days remaining. Events 461 St. Hilarius becomes Pope. 1493 Christopher Columbus becomes the first European to go ashore on an island he only saw for the the convention of Olkijoki was signed and the Swedish army was forced to leave Finland.
3 Battles
- Battle of Siikajoki -- April 18April 18 is the 108th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar (109th in leap years). There are 257 days remaining. Events 1518 Bona Sforza is crowned as queen of Poland and married to Sigismund I of Poland. 1775 Paul Revere, William Dawes and Samuel Pre, 1808
- Battle of RevolaxThe Battle of Revolax took place on April 27 1808, when General Klingspoor with about 8,000 Swedes surprised an isolated Russian column of about 4,000 men under General Bonlatov. The Russians were surrounded and tried to cut their way through but failed, -- April 27April 27 is the 117th day of the year (118th in leap years) in the Gregorian Calendar, with 248 days remaining. Events 1124 David becomes King of Scotland. 1296 Battle of Dunbar: The Scots are defeated by Edward I of England. 1509 Pope Julius II places th, 1808
- Battle of Lappua -- July 14July 14 is the 195th day (196th in leap years) of the year in the Gregorian Calendar, with 170 days remaining. Events 1223 In France, Louis VIII becomes King of France upon the death of his father, Philip II of France. 1789 French Revolution: Citizens of, 1808
- Battle of Kauhajoki -- August 10August 10 is the 222nd day of the year (223rd in leap years) in the Gregorian Calendar. There are 143 days remaining. The term "the 10th of August" is widely used by historians as a shorthand for the Storming of the Tuileries Palace on August 10, 1792, th, 1808
- Battle of Karstula -- August 21, 1808
- Battle of Jutas -- September 13, 1808
- Battle of Oravais -- September 14, 1808
- Battle of Virta bro -- October 27, 1808
- The Moonlight Raid -- November 10, 1808
- Battle of Hörnefors -- July 5 - July 6, 1809
- Battle of Sävar -- August 19, 1809
- Battle of Ratan -- August 20, 1809
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