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A document that is often quoted on the matter to is the Montevideo Convention from 1933, whose article 1 states:
The state as a person of international law should possess the following qualifications: (a) a permanent population; (b) a defined territory; (c) government; and (d) capacity to enter into relations with the other states.
Also, article 3 of the convention very clearly states that statehood is independent of recognition by other states. Recognition is considered a requirement for statehood by the constitutive theory of statehood.