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The D.M.A. program is generally designed to prepare students to be artist-performers and conductors in either university settings, or in the professional arena. The D.M.A. is widely available in performance (sometimes with a specialization in pedagogy and/or literature), composition, and conducting; the D.M.A. in music education is less common. The terminal degree in music theory, musicology, and ethnomusicology is typically the Ph.D.; music education doctoral programs may grant the Ph.D. and/or the Ed.D..
While the Ph.D. is the most common doctoral degree, and even often (mis)understood to be synonymous with the term “ doctorate,” the U.S. Department of Education and the U.S. National Science Foundation (NSF) recognize numerous doctoral degrees as equivalent, and do not discriminate between them.
A list of doctoral degree designations can be found at: doctorate.
Musical Arts, Doctor