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Cuma (Kύμη) is also a small modern greek Euboean city and an ancien greek city, not fully dicsovered yet, known mostly for its Cumae alphabet.
Italian Cumae was the place of the first Greek colony on the mainland of Italy, in the 8th century BC, and was settled by Greeks from the island of Ischia who arrived there from the Euboean cities of Chalcis (Χαλκίς) and either Eretria(Ερέτρια) or Cuma (Kύμη). Archeologists have not conclude yet about the Greek cities that colonized italian Cumae as long as the greek Cumae has not been fully discovered. But recently (1992), 19 cooper talents of 15-13 century BC have been discovered in the sea area of the modern greek city of Cuma, also an important settlement of the 9th century BC at a nearby place named Biglatouri (Βιγλατούρι) has been discovered.
Italian Cumae remains famous as the place where the Cumaean Sibyl used to prophecy. The Sibyl's cave is now a tourist attraction.
The Etruscans were defeated by the combined fleets of italian Cumae and Syracuse at the Battle of Cumae in 474 BC. Tarquin II, the last King of Rome, lived his life in exile at Cumae after the establishment of the Roman RepublicSee also Roman Republic (18th century) and Roman Republic (19th century). The Roman Republic traditionally lasted as a representative government of Rome and its territories from 510 BC until the establishment of the Roman Empire, typically placed at 44 BC.
Italian Cumae was also a place where a widely influential early Christian work The Shepherd of HermasThe Shepherd of Hermas is a Christian work of the first or second century which had great authority in ancient times and was considered by some as one of the books of the Bible. Since Paul sent greetings to a Christian of Rome with this name ( Romans 16:1 was said to be inspired by visions.
The colony was built on a large rise, the seaward side of which was used as a bunkerA bunker is a defensive warfare fortification to protect oneself. A bunker is also: : a hazard, usually filled with sand, on a golf course. a storage area for a bulk product, such as coal or wood Image:Albania bunkers. jpg|thumb|300px|Bunkers in Albania P and gun implacement during World War II.