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A pot hanging over the fire, although picturesque, may spill, and the rigging may be difficult to construct from found wood. Generally this is done with metal rigging, much of it identical to that used in home fireplaces before the invention of stoves. Two vertical iron bars with an iron cross-piece allow pots to be hung at various heights or over different temperatures of fire. Griddles, grills and skewers can also be hung over the fire. When working with wood, one may use two tripods, lashed with tripod lashings, but the rope will be liable to melt or burn. Dovetail joints are more secure, but difficult to carve.
Dutch ovens are specially designed for camping. The oven is placed in a bed of hot coals, often from a keyhole fire with additional coals placed on top of the lid, which usually has a raised rim to keep the coals from falling off. Dutch ovens are made of cast iron, and are not suitable for backpacking. Dutch ovens are also convenient for cooking dishes that take a long time. They are the not the only option for bakingBaking is the technique of cooking food in an oven by dry heat applied evenly throughout the oven. The person that does the baking is called a baker . Breads, desserts, and meat (see also roasting) are often baked, and baking is the primary cooking techni on a campout as devices for baking on portable stoves exist and clay ovens can be constructed at longer encampments. Reflector oven s are placed on the ground next to the fire, and gather thermal radiation from it. GrillThere are multiple varieties of grills with most falling into one of two categories: gas- fueled and charcoal. Gas-fueled grills typically use propane gas as their fuel source, with gas- flame either cooking food directly or heating grilling elements whics are somewhat simpler to use, and better at using convectiveFluid dynamics Convection is the transfer of heat by the motion of or within a fluid. It may arise from temperature differences either within the fluid or between the fluid and its boundary, or from the application of an external motive force. It is one o heating, but they tend to make the food pick up flavors from the smokeFor the movie starring Harvey Keitel, see Smoke (movie); for the cigar aficionado magazine, see Smoke (magazine) Smoke is a suspension in air of small particles resulting from incomplete combustion of a fuel. It is commonly an unwanted by-product of fires. Grills over a campfire are used in the same way as ordinary charcoal barbecueBarbecue is a method of cooking food with indirect heat and smoke, or the end-result of cooking by this method. It is usually cooked in a covered environment heated by an outdoor open flame of wood, charcoal, natural gas or propane. Restaurant barbecue mas. Handleheld grills that clamp over the food may be used for various tasks like warming food, grilling burgers or sausages or making toastFor other meanings, see Toast (disambiguation). Toast is bread that has been browned by exposure to dry heat. This browning reaction is called the Maillard Reaction. The usual method of toasting bread is by the use of a toaster, a small appliance made for. If the food is simply placed on the grill, it may catch fire. If the food is placed in a pot, the weight of the pot combined with the heatCommonly, heat is estrus, a period of increased sexual drive in female mammals. For the National Basketball Association team, see Miami Heat. For the movie, see Heat (movie). Heat (abbreviated Q also called heat change is the transfer of thermal energy be of the fire may cause the grill to bend permanently, and rest upon the coals, interrupting the flow of oxygen to the fire.Possibly the simplest method of cooking over a campfire is to roast food on long skewers that can be held above the flames. This is a popular technique for cooking hot dogs or roasting marshmallows for making S'mores. Another technique is to use pie iron s -- a small iron mold with long handles, into which can be placed slices of bread with some form of filling -- which are placed over hot coals to cook.
Other simple methods include plank grilling where food is cooked on a wooded plank set vertically next to the fire and hot stone cooking where food is placed on a heated stone next to or even in the fire or sometimes hot stones are dropped into a pot.
Another technique is the baking of food in aluminium foil packets. Food is wrapped inside a durable packet of tin or aluminum foil, crimped to seal, and placed on or under hot coals. Baked potatoes are a common food cooked this way.
Special precautions are required for camping in bear country because cooking activities and food storage attract these large and potentially dangerous animals. Food preparation and food storage must be located a safe distance from sleeping areas so a campfire near camp cannot be used for cooking.