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A contour line (also isopleth, level set, isogram or isarithm) for a function of two variables is a curve connecting points where the function has a particular value. A contour map is a map showing contour lines.The gradient of the function is always perpendicular to the contour lines. When the lines are close together the gradient is large: the variation is steep.
Different types of contour lines are given different names according to the nature of the quantity involved:
- elevation: contour lines on a topographic map
- pressure: isobar.
- temperature: isotherm.
- dew point: isodrosotherm.
- humidity: isohume.
- wind speed: isotachAn isotach is a line of equal or constant wind speed on a graph, plot, or map; an isopleth of wind speed. External links . A lesson plan that deals with drawing various isopleths including isotachs..
- wind direction: isogonIn meteorology, an isogon is a line of equal or constant wind direction on a graph, plot, or map; an isopleth of wind direction. External link . A lesson plan that deals with drawing various isopleths including isogons. Meteorology..
- liquid precipitation amount: isohyetAn isohyet is a line joining places of equal precipitation on a map..
- economic production: isoquantIn economics, an isoquant is a contour line drawn through the set of points at which the same quantity of a good is produced. Isoquants are drawn on capital-labor graphs..
- presence of linguistic feature: isoglossAn isogloss is the geographical boundary of a certain linguistic feature, e. the pronunciation of a vowel, the meaning of a word, or use of some syntactic feature. Dialects are typically demarcated by whole bundles of isoglosses, e. the Benrath line that
"Iso" can be replaced with "isallo" to give it the meaning of a line connecting points where some variable has changed at the same rate during some time period.
External links
CartographyCartography (or mapmaking is the study and practice of making maps or globes. Maps have traditionally been made using pen and paper, but the advent and spread of computers has revolutionized cartography. Most commercial quality maps are now made with map
Multivariate calculusMultivariate calculus is a means of analyzing deterministic systems with multiple degrees of freedom. Functions with independent variables corresponding to each of the degrees of freedom are often used to model these systems, and the calculus provides too
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