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Basic Obligations (Article I):

1. Each State Party undertakes not to carry out any nuclear weapon test explosion or any other nuclear explosion, and to prohibit and prevent any such nuclear explosion at any place under its jurisdiction or control.
2. Each State Party undertakes, furthermore, to refrain from causing, encouraging, or in any way participating in the carrying out of any nuclear weapon test explosion or any other nuclear explosion.

1 History

Arms control advocates had campaigned for the adoption of a treaty banning all nuclear explosions since the early 1950s, when public concern was aroused as a result of radioactive fall-out from atmospheric nuclear tests and the escalating arms race. Over 50 nuclear explosions were registered between 16 July 1945, when the first nuclear explosive test was conducted by the United States at Alamogordo, New Mexico, and 31 December 1953. Prime Minister Nehru of India voiced the heightened international concern in 1954, when he proposed the elimination of all nuclear test explosions worldwide. However, within the context of the Cold War, scepticism in the capability to verify compliance with a comprehensive nuclear test ban treaty posed a major obstacle to any agreement. On 13 October 1999For the album by Prince, see 1999 (album 1999 is a common year starting on Friday (see link for calendar), and was designated the International Year of Older Persons by the UN. Events Kosovo War Former child star Gary Coleman files for bankruptcy Y2K prep the United States SenateThe United States Senate is the upper house of the United States Congress, smaller than the U. House of Representatives. Together, they compose the legislative branch of the United States government. Seal of the Senate Each state elects two senators throu rejected ratification of the CTBT.

1.1 Partial Test Ban TreatyThe Treaty Banning Nuclear Weapon Tests in the Atmosphere, in Outer Space, and Under Water often abbreviated as the Partial Test Ban Treaty PTBT , Limited Test Ban Treaty LTBT , or Nuclear Test Ban Treaty NTBT , although the former also refers to the Comp, 1963

Limited success was achieved with the signing of the Partial Test Ban Treaty in 1963, which banned nuclear tests in the atmosphere, underwater and in space. However, neither France nor China, both nuclear weapon States, signed the PTBT.

1.2 Nuclear Non-proliferation Treaty, 1968

A major step towards the non-proliferationNuclear proliferation is the spread from nation to nation of nuclear technology, including nuclear power plants but especially nuclear weapons. The primary focus of anti-proliferation efforts is to maintain control over the specialized materials necessary of nuclear weapons came with the signing of the Nuclear Non-proliferation Treaty (NPT) in 1968. Under the NPT, non-nuclear weapon States were prohibited from, inter alia, possessing, manufacturing or acquiring nuclear weapons or other nuclear explosive devices. All signatories were committed to the goal of nuclear disarmamentNuclear disarmament is the proposed recall and dismantling of nuclear weapons particularly those the US and USSR targeted on each other. Proponents of nuclear disamament said that it would lessen the probability of nuclear war occurring, since nuclear bom.