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The term was first used in 1991 by Jean Lave and Etienne Wenger who used it in relation to situated learning. In 1998, the theorist Etienne Wenger (http://www.ewenger.com/) extended the concept and applied it to a commercial setting. More recently Communities of Practice have become associated with knowledge management as people have begun to see tham as ways of cultivating or nurturing new knowledge of sharing existing tacit knowledge within an organisation.

• A brief history of the concept of Communities of Practice can be found at http://www.cs.york.ac.uk/mis/KNICOP/Chapters/Introduction.html

• A discussion of the link between Communities of Practice and Knowledge Management can be found in the article The Duality of Knowledge

1 Related to

• Communities of Circumstance
• Communities of Interest
• Communities of Position
• Communities of Purpose
• knowledge management
• organizational learning
• Virtual Community of Practice

2 Links

• Jean Lave, Etienne Wenger and communities of practice
• Review of Cultivating Communities of Practice by Etienne Wenger
• links to CoPs with the general theme of Nurturing Knowledge from slashdemocracy.org

• http://www.co-i-l.com/coil/index.shtml
• http://www.i-km.com/linkscops.htm
• http://www.intranetfocus.com/intranets/communities.html
• http://www.knowledgeboard.com/community/zones/sig/cp.html
• http://www.research.ibm.com/journal/sj/404/lesser.html
• http://www.elearningeuropa.info/doc.php?id=1483&lng=1&doclng=1

3 References

Lave, J and Wenger E, "Situated Learning: Legitimate Peripheral Participation", Cambridge University Press, 1991

Wenger E, "Communities of Practice: Learning, Meaning, and Identity", Cambridge University Press, 1998