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It has members in the European Parliament who sit in the European United Left - Nordic Green Left group.
It was formed in 1991 when the Italian Communist Party split in two: the Partito Democratico della Sinistra, led by Achille Occhetto, and the Partito della Rifondazione Comunista, originally headed by Armando Cossutta .
It is currently headed by Fausto Bertinotti, and it views itself as the party rapresenting the anti-globalization movement in the italian political scene.