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In geography, a cliff is a significant vertical, or near vertical, rock exposure. Cliffs are categorised as erosion landforms due to the processes of erosion and weathering that produce them. Cliffs are common on coasts, in mountainous areas, escarpments, and along rivers. Generally speaking, cliffs are formed by rock that is resistant to erosion and weathering. Sedimentary rocks most likely to form cliffs are sandstone, limestone, chalk, and dolomite. Igneous rocks, such as GraniteGranite is a common and widely-occurring group of intrusive felsic igneous rocks that form at great depths and pressures under continents. Granite consists of orthoclase and plagioclase feldspars, quartz, hornblende, biotite, muscovite and minor accessory and basaltBasalt is an extrusive igneous rock, sometimes porphyritic, and is often both fine-grained and dense. Basalt in the tops of subaerial lava flows and cinders will often be highly vesiculated, imparting a lightweight "frothy" texture to the rock. The term b, also often form cliffs.

A scarpIn geology, a scarp is a type of cliff. See escarpment . See also Scarp, Scotland. is a type of cliff, formed by contraction .

Most cliffs have some form of talusTalus (which is Latin for ankle-bone), has several meanings: in mountaineering and climbing, talus is small broken rock found on mountain slopes and at the base of cliffs. It is used interchangeably with scree. in Greek mythology, Talus is an alternate sp slope at their base. In arid areas or under high cliffs, these are generally exposed jumbles of fallen rock. In areas of higher moisture, a soilSoil is the layer of minerals and organic matter, in thickness from centimetres to a metre or more, on the land surface. Its main components are mineral matter, organic matter, moisture, and air. Soils differ in the ratio of these components. Modern soil slope often obscures the talus.

Many cliffs also feature waterfallTower Fall in Yellowstone National Park A waterfall is usually a geological formation resulting from water, often in the form of a stream flowing over an erosion-resistant rock formation that forms a sudden break in elevation. Waterfalls may also be artifs or rock shelterA rock shelter is a shallow cave-like opening at the base of a bluff or cliff. Another term is rockhouse. Rock shelters form because a rock stratum such as sandstone that's resistant to erosion and weathering has formed a cliff or bluff, but a softer stras. Sometimes a cliff peters out at the end of a ridge, with tea tables or other types of rock columns remaining.

Some of the highest cliffs in the United States are to be found at Yosemite National Park in California, where some are three thousand feet (almost one thousand meters) high.

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Cliff RichardThis article is about Sir Cliff Richard the popular singer, not Cliff Richards the comic book artist. Sir Cliff Richard (born Harry Webb in Lucknow, India, on October 14, 1940) is the stage name of one of the UK's most popular singers of all time. Cliff R	CliffhangerThis article is about the 'cliffhanger' plot device in works of fiction. For the movie of the same name, see Cliffhanger (movie). A cliffhanger or cliffhanger ending is a plot device in which a movie or novel contains an abrupt ending, often leaving the m	Clifford HarperClifford Harper (born July 13, 1949) is an artist who describes himself as a "committed anarchist" and cartoonist. He was born in Chiswick, North London and was expelled from school at 13 and placed on probation at 14, after which he worked in a series of
Cliff Island National Park	Clifford, Indiana	Clifford, Michigan
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