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Geographically the island is formed from two mostly granite lumps joined by what was presumably once a sandbar. The island is therefore "long"; hence the name which translated from Cantonese as Long Island. So, it is redundant to say "Cheung Chau Island". Area: 2.45 kmē.
The central part of the island is well developed with shops and houses. The laneways there are so narrow that virtually the only motor vehicles on the island are specially designed mini- fire engines. Residential areas also exist on the hills of the north and south.
Traditionally the island was a fishing village and there is still a fishing fleet working from the harbour. However in recent years the island has become a major tourist attraction, offering a mixture of sandy swimming beaches and traditional Chinese culture.
| Major islands and peninsulas of Hong Kong | |
| Main islands (by size): Lantau | Hong Kong Island | Lamma | Tsing Yi | Kau Sai Chau | Po Toi | Cheung Chau | Tung Lung Chau Kat O Chau | Wong Wan Chau | Hei Ling Chau | Tap Mun Chau | Ap Lei Chau | Tai A Chau | Ping Chau | Peng Chau | Ma Wan | |
| Former islands: Chek Lap Kok | Kellett Island | Stonecutters Island | |
| Peninsulas: Kowloon | Sai Kung | Stanley | Shek O | |