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The corps was created in by Victor Emanuel I, King of Sardinia, in the aim of providing the Piedmont with a police corps similar to French Gendarmerie. Police duties were then managed by the Dragoni di Sardegna corps, created in 1726 and composed of volunteers.
After the French soldiers had occupied Turin in the end of 18th century and later abandoned it to the Savoy family, the corps of Carabinieri Reali was instituted with the Regie Patenti (royal law) of July 13, 1814.
Both a military and a police corps, Carabinieri fought in every conflict in which Italy was involved, reporting losses and one of the brightest collection of medals of the world for their many heroic acts.
Carabinieri are particularly proud of the memory of brigadier Salvo D'Acquisto, who died in Palidoro, near Rome, in WWII, executed by GermansNazi Germany or the Third Reich commonly refers to Germany in the years 1933 1945, when it was under the firm control of the totalitarian and fascist ideology of National Socialism with Adolf Hitler as dictator. The term Nazi is a short form of the German, having exchanged his life for the life of innocent citizens that were going to be executed as a retaliation for the murder of a German soldier. Brigadier D'Acquisto falsely claimed guilt, this way saving the innocent citizens, and was shot for the offense.
The history of Carabinieri is replete with other altruist examples, which earned them the deepest respect that an armed force can get during peacetime. The nickname of the corps is La Benemerita (the Meritorious).
They are organised on a territorial basis as follows:
Commandancia - consisting of the Commandant General (a General), the Vice-Commandant General (a Lieutenant General) and the Headquarters Staff.
5 Zonal Commanders (all Lieutenant Generals), 14 Regional Commanders (all Major Generals) and 104 Provincial Commanders ( Colonels or Brigadier generals). Some smaller subunits also exist.
Specialized units also exist such as the Nucleo Tutela Patrimonio Artistico (specializing in the protection of artwork and in the recovery of stolen paintings). Carabinieri's elite special forcesSpecial forces or special operations forces is a term used to describe relatively small military units raised and trained for reconnaissance, unconventional warfare and special operations. These exclusive units rely on stealth, speed, self reliance and cl unit is the GISGIS can refer to: Geographic information system. Gruppi di Intervento Speciale the special forces unit of the Italian Carabinieri. Google Image Search the image finding capability of search engine Google. - Gruppi di Intervento Speciale, with the same duties and training as the more famous NOCS (of the State Police) and the Mobile Command consisting of 12 Mobile Regiments.
Carabinieri recently became an armed force (alongside the Army, Navy and Air Force), thus ending a glorious fame as the first corps (Arma) of the Army (Esercito). It is likely that Carabinieri will remain the Arma by antonomasiaAntonomasia is a rhetoric device: the substitution of a phrase for a proper name or vice versa, that is the use of a proper name for a generic idea, in speech or writing. The word derives from the Greek word antonomazein meaning "to name differently"., unrivalled in the popular affection and in the national pride.