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Discontent between the shogunate and the reformist sonno joi movement had been brewing for years. In November 1866, Emperor Meiji had given the rebellious provinces of Satsuma and Choshu the right to overthrow the shogunate; however, reigning Shogun Tokugawa Yoshinobu deftly sidestepped this by resigning his post (but not his power) the next day.

Events came to a head on January 3, 1868 when the emperor declared his own restoration to full power, and the war started seven days later when Shogun Tokugawa Yoshinobu declared the declaration "illegal" and attacked KyotoToji Temple a symbol of the city, and the tallest pagoda in Japan Kyoto ( Japanese: ; Kyoto-shi) is a city in Japan that has a population of 1. 5 million and time zone UTC + 9 hours. Formerly the imperial capital of Japan, it is now the capital of Kyoto p, the seat of the emperor. Despite a 3:1 numerical advantage and training by FrenchThe French Republic or France ( French: Republique francaise or France is a country whose metropolitan territory is located in western Europe, and which is further made up of a collection of overseas islands and territories located in other continents. military advisors, the first significant battle near TobaToba (; -shi) is a city located in Mie, Japan. Toba is best known as the hometown of Kokichi Mikimoto, who developed a method to cultivate pearls. As of 2003, the city has an estimated population of 24,301 and the density of 225. 26 persons per km². The t and FushimiFushimi (, -ku) is a ward in the city of Kyoto, in Kyoto prefecture, Japan. Famous places in Fushimi include the Inari Shrine, with thousands of torii lining the paths up and down a mountain; Fushimi Castle, originally built by Toyotomi Hideyoshi, with it led to a rout of the 15,000-strong shogunate forces, and Yoshinobu was forced to flee to EdoThis article is about the former city name of Tokyo, for the Nigerian state, see Edo (state Edo ( Japanese: 江戸, literally: bay- door, " estuary"), once also spelled Yedo or Yeddo is the former name of the Japanese capital Tokyo. The pronunci. Saigo TakamoriSaigo Takamori ( 1827/ 28 September 24, 1877), one of the most influential samurai in Japanese history, lived during the late Edo Period and early Meiji Era. As a low-level samurai, he was recruited to travel to Edo, modern day Tokyo, to assist Shimazu Na led the victorious imperial forces north and east through Japan, eventually leading to the unconditional surrender of EdoThis article is about the former city name of Tokyo, for the Nigerian state, see Edo (state Edo ( Japanese: 江戸, literally: bay- door, " estuary"), once also spelled Yedo or Yeddo is the former name of the Japanese capital Tokyo. The pronunci in May 1868.

After Yoshinobu's surrender, most of Japan accepted the emperor's rule, but a core of shogunate supporters led by the Aizu clan continued the resistance. After a protracted month-long battle, Aizu finally admitted defeat on September 23, leading to the mass suicide of the Byakkotai (White Tiger Corps) young warriors. A month later, Edo was renamed Tokyo, and the Meiji Era started.

In a final chapter to the war, navy official Enomoto Takeaki had fled to Hokkaido with the remnants of the shogun's navy and a handful of faithful French military advisors (especially Jules Brunet) and attempted to establish the Republic of Ezo there, but this too was crushed by Meiji forces in May 1869, bringing the war to an end.