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Bialystok's history started in the 15th century when Raczko-Tabutowicz received the area of forests at the Bialka River. The Wiesiolowski family was another owner of this land. They built abrick castle and a church here. Jan Klemens Branicki, a commander in chief, became the heir of the Bialystok area. It was he who transformed the previously existing abode into the magnificent residence of a great noble. Several artists and scientists came to Bialystok to take advantage of Branicki's patronage.
After the partition of Poland it first belonged to the Prussian Kingdom and, after 1807, to Russia. After the outbreak of the First World War in 1914, first heavy bombing of the town took place on 20 April 1915. On 13 August 1915 German soldiers appeared in Bialystok. On February 19February 19 is the 50th day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar. There are 315 days remaining, 316 in leap years. Events 607 Boniface III becomes Pope. 1674 England and the Netherlands sign the Peace of Westminster. A provision of the agreement transfer, 1919Events January January 1 Edsel Ford succeeds his father as head of the Ford Motor Company January 5 Spartacist uprising Socialist demonstrations in Berlin turn into attempted communist revolution with Spartacist League in the forefront January 9 Spartacus the city was liberated from German occupation.
In 1939Events January-June January 2 End of term for Frank Finley Merriam, 28th Governor of California. He is succeeded by Culbert Levy Olson. January 24 Earthquake kills 30. 000 in Chile about 50. 000 sq mi razed January 26 Falangists take Barcelona January 26, Bialystok was occupied by the German army, then by the Red ArmyThis article is about the armed forces of the Soviet Union. See Red Army Faction for the German militant group; Japanese Red Army for the Japanese militant group; and People's Liberation Army for the Chinese Red Army. Red Army and RKKA are abbreviations f. On June 27June 27 is the 178th day of the year (179th in leap years) in the Gregorian Calendar, with 187 days remaining. Events 1709 Peter the Great defeats Charles XII of Sweden at the Battle of Poltava. 1759 General James Wolfe starts siege of Quebec. 1844 Joseph, 19411941 is also the title of a Steven Spielberg movie made in 1979 see 1941 (film). Events January January 6 Franklin Delano Roosevelt delivers his Four Freedoms Speech in the State of the Union Address. January 10 Lend-Lease is introduced into the United St, Bialystok again fell into German hands, as a result of the invasion of the Soviet Union. From the very beginning, the Germans pursued a ruthless policy of pillage and extermination of the non-German population. The numerous Jewish population, some 50-60 thousand, were confined in a Ghetto, which during August 1941 was exterminated. On 24 July 1941 German troops locked over 3,000 Jews within the Great Synagogue (the largest wooden synagogue in Eastern Europe) and burned it down.
A number of anti-fascist groups came into existence in Bialystok during the first weeks of the occupation. In the following years, there developed a well-organized resistance movement.
In the last year of the occupation, a clandestine upper Commercial School came into existence. The pupils of the school also took part in the underground resistance movement. As a result, some of them were jailed, some killed and others deported to concentration camps.