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| Bactrian Camel Critical | ||||||||||||||
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| Camelus bactrianus Linnaeus, 1758 |
The Bactrian Camel (Camelus bactrianus) is a large even-toed ungulate native to the steppes of eastern Asia.
It is thought that the Bactrian Camel was domesticated sometime before 2500 BC, probably in northern Iran or southwestern Turkestan, and that this took place independently of the domestication of the Dromedary.
Nearly all of the estimated 1.4 million Bactrian Camels alive today are domesticated: the largest wild population known to survive is about 1000 animals in the Gobi Desert.
Anatomy: Camels are very strong mammals with wide, padded feet. Thick leathery pads protect the knees and chest. Camels have nostrils that can open and close, protecting them from blowing sand. The ears are also lined with protective hairs. Bushy eyebrows and two rows of long eyelashes protect their eyes from sand. The mouth is extremely tough, allowing camels to eat thorny desert plants. Thick fur and underwool keep the camel warm during cold desert nights and also insulates against daytime heat. Bactrian Camels are over 7 feet (2 m) tall at the hump and weigh in excess of 1,600 pounds (725 kg).
Diet: Camels are herbivores (plant-eaters); they eat grass, leaves, and grains. Many camels have been domesticated and are fed by people. The Bactrian Camel can drink up to 32 gallons (120 liters) of water at a time.
Camelids