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The technique of measuring radiation or ionization is called dosimetry. The cosmic microwave background, which is left over from the Big Bang, permeates all of space with a temperature of 2.735 kelvin, as measured by the NASA satellite COBE.
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Cosmic microwave background radiation, Galaxy formation and evolution, Magnitude, Universe Big Bang, Non-standard cosmologyA non-standard cosmology is a cosmological theory that contradicts the standard model of cosmology. The term has been used since the late 1960s after the discovery of the cosmic microwave background radiation (CMB) in 1965 by Penzias and Wilson. These obsPhysicsPhysics (from the Greek, physikos , "natural", and physis , "Nature") is the science of Nature in the broadest sense. Physicists study the behavior and properties of matter in a wide variety of contexts, ranging from the sub-microscopic particles from whi:
Dark matterDark matter is matter that can't be detected by its emitted radiation but whose presence can be inferred from gravitational effects on visible matter such as stars and galaxies. Estimates of the amount of matter in the universe based on gravitational effe, Dirac seaThe Dirac sea is a theoretical model of the vacuum as an infinite sea of particles possessing negative energy. It was invented by the British physicist Paul Dirac in 1930 to explain the anomalous negative-energy quantum states predicted by the Dirac equat, IrradiationIrradiation is the process whereby an item is exposed to radiation. In common usage the term refers specifically to ionizing radiation, and to a level of radiation that will be destructive to life, rather than simply exposure to normal levels of radiation, Radiocarbon datingRadiocarbon dating is the use of a naturally occurring isotope of carbon in radiometric dating to determine the age of organic materials. Basics Carbon has two stable isotopes: carbon-12 (12C), and carbon-13 (13C). In addition, there are tiny amounts of t, Sunyaev Zeldovic EffectOther:
List of astronomical topicsThis page aims to list articles on Wikipedia that are related to Astronomy, Astrophysics and Cosmology. This is so that those interested in the subject can monitor changes to the pages by clicking on Related changes in the sidebar. The list is not necessa, Timeline of cosmic microwave background astronomy, Timeline of other background radiation fields, Timeline of the Big Bang