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In 2001 it had an estimated population of about 344,100 people. The department covers a total surface area of 4,251 km².
The department was formed in 1898 from territory previously parts of the departments of Colón, Cortés, and Yoro. In 1910 it had a population of some 11,370 people.
| Departments of Honduras | |
|---|---|
| Atlántida | Choluteca | Colón | Comayagua | Copán | Cortés | El Paraíso | Francisco Morazán | Gracias a Dios | Intibucá | Islas de la Bahía | La Paz | Lempira | Ocotepeque | Olancho | Santa Bárbara | Valle | Yoro | |