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Aryan is an English word derived from the Vedic Sanskrit and Avestan term arya, meaning noble.

One of the meanings of this term in modern English refers to a hypothetical single group of people who spoke the parent language of the Indo-European languages (the people known as Proto-Indo-Europeans). It has at times been believed that these people formed an ethnic group; Aryan as used by Max Müller and others in the 19th century is thus synonymous to Proto-Indo-European (see also Indo-European studies). Müller explicitly stated that his use of Aryan meant a group defined not by racial but by linguistic unity. Used as a linguistic term today, Aryan usually refers to the Indo-Iranian language family.

Another meaning refers to the Aryan race, a presumedly more or less directly descendant ethnic group of this original Aryan group. This meaning was, and still is common in theories of European racial superiority, some of which have spread to North American and to India. In Nazi ideology, the Germanic race is believed to be the purest representative of the Aryan race with its diametrical opposite being the SemiticSemitic is a controversial adjective which in common parlance refers either to specifically Jewish things or to things originating among speakers of Semitic languages or people descended from them, and in a linguistic context to the northeastern subfamily race, represented by the JewThe word Jew is used in a wide number of ways, but generally refers to either a follower of the Jewish faith, a child of a Jewish mother, or a member of the Jewish culture or ethnicity. This article discusses the term as describing an ethnic group; for as. Nazism portrays the Aryan race as the only race capable of creating culture and civilizations, while other races are merely able of some preservation, or destruction of, culture.

It has been argued that the term *arya was originally used to denote kinfolk or clansmen bound by socio-linguistic, not ethnic, ties. It has been used in later times as a general term of respect, signifying nobility (as in ar-isto-cracy), in both HinduismThis article is about the Hindu religion; for other meanings of the word, see Hindu (disambiguation). Aum, the most sacred syllable and quintessential symbol of Hinduism, represents the first manifestation of the unmanifest Brahman. Hinduism Santana Dharm (the descendant of Vedic religion) and BuddhismTian Tan Buddha statue in Hong Kong, remind followers to practice right living. Buddhism is a religion and philosophy based on the teachings of Siddhrtha Gautama ( Sanskrit; in Pli, Siddhattha Gotama , who lived between approximately 563 and 483 BCE.. It has also been argued that the supposition that the term referred to an ethnic group arose as the result of speculative translation. Indeed, it is now generally accepted that the Aryans (in the sense of "Indo-Iranians") were already a heterogeneous group at the time of their cohesion roughly around 2500 BC. Based on current knowledge of ancient India and Iran, it is probable that the Aryans at that time were a mixed group of people following a similar religion, in all likelihood originating in the Middle East around what is now IranIran ( Persian: ) is a Middle Eastern country located in southwestern Asia that until 1935 was referred to in the West as Persia''. It borders Pakistan (909km of border) and Afghanistan (936km) to the east, Turkmenistan (1000km) to the northeast, the Casp.