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Artois is a former province of northern France. Its territory has an area of around 4000 km² and a population of about a million. Its principal cities are Arras, Saint-Omer, Lens and Béthune.
Artois occupies the interior of the Pas-de-Calais département, the western part of which constitutes the former Boulonnais . It occupies the western end of the coalfield which stretches eastward through the neighbouring Nord département and across central Belgium.
Formerly a part of the county of Flanders until annexed by France in 1180 and created a county in 1237Events Thomas II of Savoy becomes count of Flanders. Elblag, Poland is founded. The Mongols invade Russia. Gualdo Tadino, Italy, is destroyed by fire. The County of Artois is founded in France. Baldwin II becomes Latin Emperor of Constantinople. Conrad IV, Artois came under the rule of the dukes of Burgundy in 1384Events May / September 3 Siege of Lisbon by the Castilian army, during the 1383-1385 Crisis Births Deaths December 31 John Wyclif, theologian 1384., and was not finally returned to French control until 1659Events May 25 Richard Cromwell resigns as Lord Protector of England following the restoration of the Long Parliament, beginning a second brief period of the republican government called the Commonwealth. 24-year war between France and Spain ends with Fren.
It experienced rapid industrial development during the second half of the 19th centuryAlternative meaning: Nineteenth Century (periodical ( 18th century — 19th century — 20th century — more centuries) As a means of recording the passage of time, the 19th century was that century which lasted from 1801- 1900. Events The Little Ice Age ended, fueled by its rich coalCoal is a fossil fuel extracted from the ground by mining. It is a readily combustible black or brownish-black sedimentary rock. It is composed primarily of carbon and hydrocarbons, along with assorted other elements, including sulfur. Often associated wi resources. During World War IWorld War I (also known as the First World War , the Great War the War of the Nations and the "War to End All Wars") was a world conflict occurring from 1914 to 1918. No previous conflict had mobilized so many soldiers, or involved so many in the field of the front line between the opposing German and British armies in France ran through the province, resulting in enormous physical damage. In recent decades Artois has suffered with similar areas through the decline of the coal industry.