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Arthur Leonard Schawlow ( May 5, 1921April 28, 1999) was an American physicist. Although his research focused on optics, in particular, lasers and their use in spectroscopy, he also pursued investigations in the areas of superconductivity and nuclear resonance. Schawlow shared the 1981 Nobel Prize in Physics with Nicolaas Bloembergen and Kai Siegbahn for their contributions to the development of laser spectroscopy. Schawlow coauthored Microwave Spectroscopy ( 1955) with Charles TownesCharles Hard Townes (born July 28, 1915) is an American physicist and educator. Townes is known for his work on the theory and application of the maser, on which he obtained the fundamental patent, and other work in quantum electronics connected with both.

Schawlow was born in Mount Vernon, New YorkMount Vernon is a city located in Westchester County, New York, immediately north of New York City's The Bronx. As of the 2000 census, the city had a total population of 68,381. A July 1, 2002 Census estimate showed the population at 68,615. The city has and died in Palo Alto, CaliforniaPalo Alto is a city in Santa Clara County, in the San Francisco Bay Area of California, USA. Palo Alto is located at the northern end of the Silicon Valley, and is home to Stanford University (which is technically located in an adjacent area — Stanford, C.

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