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Arnhem is a municipality and a city in the east of the Netherlands, located on the Rhine and the capital of the Gelderland province.

1 Population centres

• Arnhem
• Elden
• Malburgen
• Schaarsbergen.

2 The city of Arnhem

2.1 History

Arnhem, first mentioned in 893 as Arnoldi Villa had its real origins in 1233 when Otto II, count of Guelders , conferred city rights on the town, which had belonged to the abbey of Prum, settled in and fortified it. Arnhem entered the Hanseatic League in 1443. In 1473 it was captured by Charles the Bold of Burgundy. In 1514 Charles of Egmond, duke of Guelders, took it from the Spaniards; in 1543Events February 11 Battle of Wayna Daga Ethiopian/ Portuguese? troops defeat the armies of Adal and the Ottoman Empire. May Nicolaus Copernicus publishes De revolutionibus orbium coelestium July 12 King Henry VIII of England marries Catherine Parr. It is it fell to the emperorAn emperor is a monarch and sovereign ruler of an empire or any other imperial realm. Emperors are generally recognised to be above kings in honour. They may obtain their position hereditarily, or by force, such as a coup d'etat. Derivation of Emperor The Charles VCharles ( February 24, 1500 September 21 1558) was Holy Roman Emperor (as Charles V from 1519- 1558; he was also King of Spain from 1516- 1556, officially as Charles I of Spain although often referred to as Charles V ("Carlos Quinto" or "Carlos V") in Spa. It joined the Union of UtrechtThe Union of Utrecht ( Dutch: Unie van Utrecht is a treaty signed on January 23, 1579 in Utrecht, the Netherlands, unifying the northern provinces of the Netherlands, until then under control of Spain. The Union of Utrecht is regarded as the foundation of in 1579Events January 6 The Union of Atrecht united the southern Netherlands under the Duke of Parma, governor in the name of king Philip II of Spain. January 23 The Union of Utrecht united the northern Netherlands in a confederation called the United Provinces., and came finally under the effective government of the Estates-GeneralThe Staten-Generaal (States-General) is the parliament of the Netherlands. It consists of two chambers, the most important of which is the Tweede Kamer (the Second Chamber or Lower House). The Eerste Kamer (the First Chamber or Upper House) is also known in 1585Events January 12 The Netherlands adopts the Gregorian calendar Beginning of the Eighth War of Religion in France (also known as the War of the Three Henrys) August 8 John Davis enters Cumberland Sound in quest for the North West Passage. August 17 Captur. The French occupied the town 1672Events England, France, Munster and Cologne invade the United Provinces, therefore this name is know as ´het rampjaar´ (the disaster year) in the Netherlands. March 15 Charles II of England issues the Royal Declaration of Indulgence. June 28 William III o - 1674 and dismantled its strong fortifications; the Sabelspoort (Sabresgate) is the only remaining part of a medieval gate. In 1795 - 1813 it was reoccupied by the French, this time Revolutionary and Imperial.

In the 19th century Arnhem was a genteel resort town famous for its picturesque beauty.

In World War II, during Operation Market Garden ( September 1944), the British 1st Airborne Division and the Polish 1st Independent Parachute Brigade were given the task of securing the bridge at Arnhem. The units were parachuted into the area on September 17 and later. The bulk of the force was dropped rather far from the bridge and never met their objective. A small force managed to make their way as far as the bridge but was unable to secure both sides. The Allied troops encountered stiff resistance from the German 9th SS Panzer Division, which, unknown to the Allied commanders, had been stationed in and around the city. The British force at the bridge eventually surrendered on September 21 and a full withdrawal of the remaining forces was made on September 26. Dramatised in the movie A Bridge Too Far. As a tribute to the attempt the bridge has been renamed 'John Frost-bridge' after the commander of the paratroopers. The official commemoration is 16 september . (Actually, the movie was shot in Deventer, where a similar bridge over the IJssel was still available.)