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Abrahamic theology will often cite God as the creator of humans, and all other organisms; or atleast the creation of some element such as the soul.
The scientific community holds that the Universe, Earth, life and humans arose by natural processes. An extensive theoretical framework has been developed by the scientific community, encompassing astronomy, geology and evolutionary biology.
The view that natural processes shape the universe is accepted by most mainstream religious organisations, often with caveats; see evolutionary creationism. Other, particularly young Earth creationistsYoung Earth creationism is the belief that the Earth, and usually the universe, were created by a direct action of God a relatively short time ago. Such a belief is almost invariably held in conjunction with fundamentalist Christian beliefs, in which the oppose some or most of these concepts.
The argument from evolution argues that the existence of God is unnecessary and irrelevant to any explanation of the evolution of species. See also argument from poor designIn biology, what can be termed the argument from poor design is a counter-argument against the argument from design in which it is asserted that the existence of what is characterized as "poor design" in nature is evidence in favor of the theory of evolut.
According to the National Academy of SciencesThe National Academy of Sciences (NAS in the United States is a government-established corporation supporting scientific research. Its official journal is the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences''. As its name suggests, it is the national acad, a theoryIn mathematics, a theory is a set of statements closed under logical implication. In mathematical logic, "theory" is the term for a set of well-formed formulae consisting of certain axioms and all theorems provable from said axioms. Godel's incompleteness is "a well-substantiated explanation of some aspect of the natural world that can incorporate factFact is the following: Generally a fact is something that exists or has existed, of evidence. In science, a fact is data supported by a scientific experiment. In law, a fact is a statement which is found to be true by a "tryer of fact," sometimes a jury,s, lawThis article is about law in society. For other possible meanings, see law (disambiguation). Law (a loanword from Danish-Norwegian lov , in politics and jurisprudence, is a set of rules of conduct which mandate or proscribe (or both) specified relationshis, inferences, and tested hypothesesA hypothesis is a proposed explanation for a phenomenon. In early usage, a hypothesis was a clever idea or convenient mathematical approach that would simplify calculation but did not necessarily have any reality at all. This is the sense in which Cardina." A law of nature is a general description of the Universe that is held to be true in all cases and in all places. Since we only know about life on Earth, evolutionists argue, it is not at all possible to make such a generalized statement about evolution. Even if we had access to many other living worlds we could not make such a general statement about the Cosmos. Therefore when scientists call something a theory, such as quantum mechanics, atomic theory, plate tectonics or evolution, they are not casting doubt on its validity. Moreover, a common criticism of creationism made by evolutionist scientists is that it is not falsifiable; following Karl Popper, the fact that a theory can be disproved makes it a more useful theory than one that cannot. However, creationists argue that the theory of evolution itself is not falsifiable, since it is not testable by experiment. Under this view, the study of evolution is not a scientific field at all, but more akin to history.
Some things by their very nature are not knowable or can be applied in all cases (such as the Law of Gravity can). Even though one cannot talk about evolution being a law, evolutionists argue, a person can speak of it as being a determined fact beyond reasonable doubt. Even though no one has observed transformations from one species to another ( macroevolution), evolution can be observed for example with bacteria in the laboratory ( microevolution) or in areas outside biology (e.g. economics, genetic algorithms). Evolutionists maintain further that the fossil record clearly shows descent with modification of organisms.
Indirect evidence is used in all the sciences, from atomic physicists inferring the existence of subatomic particles by measuring the effects they have on observable atoms, to astronomers inferring the existence of black holes by the gravitational effects they have on nearby objects.
Another common argument is that although evolution proves that the earth could exist without God, it does not say that it necessarily does. Various theists, agnostics, and religious denominations accept evolution. They argue that if evolution is true, this only means that a literal interpretation of a religious creation story cannot be literally true.