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1 Events

• 1191 - Third Crusade: Battle of Arsuf - Richard I of England defeats Saladin at Arsuf.
• 1539 - Guru Angad Dev ji became the second Guru of the Sikhs
• 1776 - World's first submarine attack. American submersible craft Turtle attempts to attach a time bomb to the hull of British Admiral Richard Howe's flagship Eagle in New York Harbor.
• 1812Events January 1 the Allgemeines Burgerliches Gesetzbuch, the Austrian civil code enters into force in the Austrian Empire February 2 Russia establishes a fur trading colony at Fort Ross, California February 7 The strongest in a series of massive earthqua - Napoleonic WarsThe Napoleonic Wars lasted from 1804 until 1815. They were a continuation of the conflicts sparked by the French Revolution and covered the duration of the First French Empire. The First and Second Coalitions For a more detailed account see the French Rev: Battle of BorodinoThe Battle of Borodino ( September 7, 1812 ( August 26 in the Old Style Russian calendar)) was a bloody clash during the Napoleonic Wars in which forces under Napoleon I of France claimed victory over the Russian army of Alexander I near the village of Bo - NapoleonFor other meanings, see Napoleon (disambiguation . Napoleon Bonaparte ( 15 August 1769 5 May 1821) was a general and ruler of France. General of the French Revolution, he was the effective ruler of France starting in 1799: First Consul Premier Consul of t defeats the RussiaThe Russian Federation ( Russian: , transliteration: Rossiyskaya Federatsiya or Rossijskaja Federacija , or Russia (Russian: , transliteration: Rossiya or Rossija , is a country that stretches over a vast expanse of eastern Europe and northern Asia. Withn army of Alexander IAleksandr Pavlovich Romanov or Tsar Alexander I (The Blessed ( I ) ( December 23, 1777 December 1, 1825), Emperor of Russia (reigned March 23, 1801 December 1, 1825), son of the Grand Duke Paul Petrovich, afterwards Paul I of Russia, and Maria Fedorovna , near the village of Borodino.
• 18181818 is a common year starting on Thursday. Events February 12 Chile gains its independence from Spain March 11 Mary Shelley's Frankenstein is published March 22 Easter Sunday falls on its earliest possible date. The next time Easter will fall this early: - Carl III of Sweden-Norway is crowned king of Norway, in Trondheim.
• 1822 - Brazil declares its independence from Portugal.
• 1864 - American Civil War: Atlanta, Georgia is evacuated on orders of Union General William Tecumseh Sherman.
• 1876 - In Northfield, Minnesota, Jesse James and the James-Younger Gang attempt to rob the town's bank but are surrounded by an angry mob and are nearly wiped out.
• 1901 - The Boxer Rebellion in China officially ends with the signing of the Peking Protocol .
• 1911 - French poet Guillaume Apollinaire is arrested and put in jail on suspicion of stealing the Mona Lisa from the Louvre museum.
• 1915 - Former cartoonist John B. Gruelle is given a patent for his Raggedy Ann doll.
• 1921 - In Atlantic City, New Jersey, the first Miss America Pageant is held.
• 1940 - World War II: The Blitz - Nazi Germany begins to rain bombs on London. This will be the first of 57 consecutive nights of bombing.
• 1950 - The gameshow Truth or Consequences debuts on television.
• 1953 - Nikita Khrushchev becomes head of the Soviet Central Committee.
• 1963 - The Pro Football Hall of Fame opens in Canton, Ohio with 17 charter members.
• 1965 - Vietnam War: In a follow-up to August's Operation Starlight , United States Marines and South Vietnamese forces initiate Operation Pirahna on the Batangan Peninsula .
• 1966 - The final new episode of The Dick Van Dyke Show airs (the first episode aired on October 3, 1961).
• 1970 - An anti-war rally is held at Valley Forge, Pennsylvania, attended by John Kerry, Jane Fonda and Donald Sutherland.
• 1971 - The last new episode of The Beverly Hillbillies is aired (the first episode debuted on September 26, 1962).
• 1977 - The Torrijos-Carter Treaties between Panama and the United States on the status of the Panama Canal are signed. The US agrees to transfer control of the canal to Panama at the end of the 20th century.
• 1979 - The Entertainment and Sports Programming Network ( ESPN) makes its debut.
• 1979 - The Chrysler Corporation asks the United States government for $1 billion dollars to avoid bankruptcy.
• 1986 - Desmond Tutu becomes the first black to lead the Anglican Church in South Africa.
• 1988 - Abdul Ahad Mohmand, the first Afghan in space, returns aboard the Soviet spacecraft Soyuz TM-5 after 9 days on the Mir space station
• 1996 - In Las Vegas, Nevada, actor and recording artist Tupac Shakur is shot several times after attending a boxing match.
• 1997 - The first test flight of the F/A-22 Raptor takes place.
• 1998 - Google Inc. is founded.
• 1999 - A major earthquake close to Athens, Greece results to the collapse of few buildings in the area. About 150 people are killed.
• 2004 - The Serbian government backs a decision by Minister of Education and Sport Ljiljana Colic to require the teaching of both creationism and evolution in schools.