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1 Events

• 306 - Constantine I proclaimed Roman emperor by his troops.
• 1261 - Constantinople is captured by Nicaean forces under the command of Michael VIII Palaeologus, allowing the re-creation of the Byzantine Empire.
• 1567 - Don Diego de Losada founds the city of Santiago de Leon de Caracas, modern-day Caracas, the capital city of Venezuela.
• 1593 - Henry IV of France publicly converts from Protestantism to Roman Catholicism.
• 1722Events Abraham De Moivre states De Moivre's theorem connecting trigonometric functions and complex numbers Publication of the first book of Bach's Well-Tempered Clavier Fall of Persia's Safavid dynasty during a bloody revolt of the Afghani people. July 25 - Three Years War begins along MaineMaine is a state of the United States. It is probably named after the French province of Maine. Another possibility for the name 'Maine' is that the people living on islands along the coast of Maine used to speak of going to the mainland as 'going over to and MassachusettsMassachusetts is a state of the United States of America, part of the New England region. postal abbreviation is MA and its traditional abbreviation is Mass . It is properly called the Commonwealth of Massachusetts although there is no legal distinction b border.
• 1758Events June 12 French and Indian War: Siege of Louisbourg James Wolfe's attack at Louisbourg, Nova Scotia commences. June 23 Seven Years War: Battle of Krefeld British forces defeat French troops at Krefeld in Germany. July 8 French and Indian War: French - French and Indian WarThe French and Indian War was a nine-year conflict ( 1754- 1763) in North America and was one of the conflict theatres of the Seven Years' War. The conflict was between Britain and its colonies on one side and France, with indian allies, on the other.: The island battery at Fortress LouisbourgFortress Louisbourg (fr. Forteresse de Louisbourg is a Canadian National Historic Site and the location of a partial reconstruction of an 18th century French fortress at Louisbourg, Nova Scotia. History French settlement on le Royale (now Cape Breton Isla is silenced and all FrenchThe French Republic or France ( French: Republique francaise or France is a country whose metropolitan territory is located in western Europe, and which is further made up of a collection of overseas islands and territories located in other continents. warships are destroyed or taken.
• 1759Events January 11 In Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, the first American life insurance company is incorporated. January 13 The Tavora family is executed following the accusation of attempted regicide on Joseph I of Portugal January 15 The British Museum opens - French and Indian War: In Canada, British forces capture Fort Niagara from French, who subsequently abandon Fort Rouillé .
• 1799 - At Aboukir in Egypt, Napoleon I of France defeats 10,000 Ottomans under Mustafa Pasha .
• 1814 - War of 1812: Battle of Lundy's Lane - Reinforcements arrive near Niagara for General Riall's British and Canadian force, and bloody, all-night battle with Jacob Brown's Americans commences at 18.00; Americans retreat to Fort Erie.
• 1853 Joaquin Murietta famous Californio bandit, is killed
• 1861 - American Civil War: The Crittenden-Johnson Resolution is passed by the United States Congress stating that the war is being fought to preserve the Union and not to end slavery.
• 1866 - The United States Congress passes legislation authorizing the rank of General of the Army (now called "5-star general") Lieutenant General Ulysses S. Grant becomes the first to have this rank.
• 1868 - Wyoming becomes a United States territory.
• 1897 - Writer Jack London sails to join the Klondike Gold Rush where he will write his first successful stories.
• 1898 - The United States invasion of Puerto Rico begins with U.S. troops landing at Guánica Bay .
• 1907 - Korea becomes a protectorate of Japan.
• 1909 - Louis Bleriot makes the first flight across the English Channel in a heavier-than-air machine ( Calais to Dover in 37 minutes).
• 1917 - Sir Thomas Whyte introduces the first income tax in Canada as a "temporary" measure (lowest bracket is 4% and highest is 25%).
• 1920 - Telecommunications: first transatlantic two-way radio broadcast.
• 1934 - Nazis assassinate Austrian Chancellor Engelbert Dollfuss in a failed coup attempt.
• 1943 - World War II: Benito Mussolini is forced out of office by his own Italian Grand Council and is replaced by Pietro Badoglio.
• 1944 - World War II: Operation Spring - One of the bloodiest days for Canadians during the war: 18,444 casualties, including 5,021 killed.
• 1946 - Nuclear testing: In the first underwater test of the atomic bomb, the surplus USS Saratoga is sunk near Bikini Atoll in the Pacific Ocean when the United States detonates the " Baker Day " device.
• 1946 - At Club 500 in Atlantic City, New Jersey, Dean Martin and Jerry Lewis stage their first show as a comedy team.
• 1952 - Puerto Rico becomes a self-governing commonwealth of the United States.
• 1956 - 45 miles south of Nantucket Island, the Italian ocean liner SS Andrea Doria sinks after colliding with the SS Stockholm in heavy fog, killing 51.
• 1969 - Vietnam War: US President Richard Nixon declares the Nixon Doctrine stating that the United States now expects its Asian allies to take care of their own military defense. This was the start of the "Vietnamization" of the war.
• 1973 - Soviet Mars 5 space probe launched.
• 1976 - The first performance of the Philip Glass opera Einstein on the Beach
• 1977 - A supposed thunderbird is reported attacking a boy named Marlon Lowe.
• 1978 - The first so-called test-tube baby, Louise Brown, is born.
• 1984 - Salyut 7 Cosmonaut Svetlana Savitskaya becomes the first woman to perform a space walk.
• 1989 - Rock/ Hip-hop trio The Beastie Boys release the classic Paul's Boutique.
• 1994 - Israel and Jordan sign the Washington Declaration which formally ends the state of war that has existed between the nations since 1948.
• 1997 - K.R. Narayanan is sworn-in as India's 10th president and the first member of the Dalits caste to hold this office.
• 1998 - The United States Navy commissions the aircraft carrier USS Harry S. Truman and puts her into service.
• 2000 - An Air France Concorde supersonic passenger jet crashes just after takeoff from Paris killing all 109 aboard and 5 on the ground.
• 2004 - Lance Armstrong makes history, winning his 6th (consecutive) Tour de France.
• 2004 - Over 100,000 opponents to Prime Minister Ariel Sharon's Disengagement Plan participate in a human chain from Gush Katif (The Jewish communities adjacent to the Gaza Strip, Israel), to the Western Wall, Jerusalem (90 kilometers).