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Early modern publications dealing with what we now call Viking culture appeared in the 16th century, e.g. Historia de gentibus septentrionalibus (Olaus Magnus, 1555) and the first edition of the 13th century Gesta Danorum in 1514. The pace of publication increased during the 17th century with Latin translations of the Edda (notably Peder Resen's Edda Islandorum of 1665).

1 Sweden

According to the Swedish writer Jan Guillou, the word Viking was popularized, with positive connotations, by Erik Gustaf Geijer in the poem The Viking, written at the beginning of the 19th century. The word was taken to refer to romanticized, idealzed sea warriors, who had very little to do with the historical Viking culture. This renewed interest of Romanticism in the Old North had political implications: A myth about a glorious and brave past was needed to give the Swedes the courage to retake Finland, which had been lost in 1809 during the war between Sweden and RussiaThe Finnish War was fought between Sweden and Russia from February 1808 to September 1809. As a result of the war, the eastern third of Sweden was established as the semi-autonomous Grand Duchy of Finland, according to the Finns in personal union with Imp. The Geatish SocietyThe Geatish Society or Gotiska forbundet in the Swedish language, was a social club for literature studies among academics in Sweden created by a number of poets and authors in 1811. The Geatish Society sought to revive Viking spirit and related matters,, of which Geijer was a member, popularized this myth to a great extent. Another author who had great influence on the perception of the Vikings was Esaias Tegnér , another member of the Geatish Society who wrote a modern version of Frithiofs Saga , which became widely popular in the nordic countries, the United KingdomThe United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland is a state in Western Europe, usually known simply as the United Kingdom the UK Britain or less accurately as Great Britain . The UK was formed by a series of Acts of Union which united the formerly and GermanyThe Federal Republic of Germany ( German: Bundesrepublik Deutschland is one of the world's leading industrialized countries, located in the middle of the European Union. It is bordered to the north by the North Sea, Denmark and the Baltic Sea, to the east.

2 Great BritainGreat Britain (often abbreviated as Britain is an island lying off the western coast of Europe, comprising the main territory of the United Kingdom. Great Britain is also used as a political term describing the combination of England, Scotland, and Wales,

A focus for early British enthusiasts was George Hicke, who published a Linguarum vett. septentrionalium thesaurus in 1703Events February 2 Earthquake in Aquila, Italy February 4 In Japan the 47 samurai commit seppuku (ritual suicide) February 14 Earthquake in Norcia, Italy May 27 Founding of St Petersburg May 26 Portugal joins Great Alliance July 29- 31 Daniel Defoe is plac– 5Events Construction begins on Blenheim Palace, in Oxfordshire, England. It is completed in 1724 The Sophia Naturalization Act 1705 is passed by the English Parliament, which naturalized Sophia of Hanover and the "issue of her body" as British subjects.. In the 1780Events January 16 American Revolutionary War: Battle of Cape St. Vincent February, Armed Neutrality of the North alliance formed between Denmark, Sweden, and Russia. March 26 The British Gazette and Sunday Monitor the first Sunday newspaper in Britain Mays, Denmark offered to cease Iceland to Britain in exchange for Crab Island ( West Indies), and in the 1860s Iceland was considered as a compensation for British support of Denmark in the Slesvig-Holstein conflicts. During this time, British interest and enthusiasm for Iceland and nordic culture grew dramatically, expressed in original English poems extolling Viking virtues, e. g. Thomas Warton's "Runic Odes" of 1748:

Yes — 'tis decreed my Sword no more

Shall smoke and blush with hostile gore

To my great Father's Feasts I go,

Where luscious Wines for ever flow.

Which from the hollow Sculls we drain

Of Kings in furious Combat slain.

During Victorian times,

4 Literature

Andrew Wawn, The Vikings and the Victorians, Cambridge (2000).

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Topics: 19th Century Viking Revival, Sweden, Great BritainGreat Britain...

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19th century Viking revival

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